He had initially sworn allegiance to Edward - but when he supported Wallace's revolt, Edward destroyed Robert's land. They eventually made peace and Robert became one of the Regents of Scotland. However, in , while Edward planned to take control of Scotland, Robert was wondering how to defeat him. He tried to collaborate with his nearest rival to the throne, John Comyn. But, unable to agree, Robert ended up killing Comyn during a heated argument.
Robert had to act quickly for fear of arrest. On impulse he had himself crowned king of Scotland. It was a high-risk tactic, knowing what had happened to Wallace. Following the resounding victory of the Conservative Party last year, the political drama of Brexit is seemingly in its final stages.
On January 31, the United Kingdom is set to begin a transition period that will conclude at the end of with the official withdrawal of the nation from the European Union. With this departure, however, a new political drama may emerge. While the U. The alternative, a Scottish departure from the United Kingdom, would be a shock to a union that has existed for more than years. And though Scottish voters rejected independence with a resounding no as recently as , that was before Brexit was on the table.
In recent months, Sturgeon and other members of the pro-independence Scottish National Party have floated the possibility of a second referendum. It remains to be seen whether Sturgeon will actually be able to follow through on her proposed independence vote —particularly in lieu of the news that Prime Minister Boris Johnson has formally rejected her request for a second referendum—and, if so, whether Scots are ultimately in favor of independence.
In the meantime, Smithsonian magazine has you covered with a primer on the tangled history of Scottish sovereignty. By A. The next wave of outsiders to stake a claim on Scotland were the Vikings, who launched their first attacks on the British Isles during the late eighth century.
Many settled down, making homes for themselves in places like Ireland and Scotland and building ties with existing communities. Pires and McLeod reported that, like other migrants, economic reasons were most significant for those moving from elsewhere in the UK, but lifestyle factors were found to play a bigger role in their decision regarding moving to Scotland.
Again, employment was the most common reason for migration, and significant numbers moved for career progression or achieved it once working in the area. The research concluded that, while the South East was an "escalator region" for all who work there, Scots did particularly well as a result of this phenomenon, both in comparison to Scots who stayed at home and to residents of the South East who were born in the area.
Return migration was also a feature, with those returning to Scotland being mainly young, university educated people. Labour market uncertainties were found to be a key reason for returning to Scotland, but the chance of returning was increased when this was combined with a job opportunity and family pressures. The desire for children to grow up in Scotland also appeared to be a factor for some in decisions relating to return migration. This group includes migrants to Scotland making a further move following their original entry to the country.
The same areas also lost the highest numbers of people. The big cities of Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen experienced the biggest net losses of people, while the biggest net gainers were South Lanarkshire, Aberdeenshire and Midlothian.
Although recent trends in migration have been positive, maintaining these flows by continuing to attract and retain migrants, and retaining the Scots-born population, may prove to be challenging, particularly given current economic conditions. The Scottish Government's objectives in relation to managed migration differ from those of the UK as a whole, reflecting the different demographic patterns and economies of the UK countries, with Scotland keen to retain the Scots-born population and actively attract new and return migrants to the country.
Current issues relate to how this might be achieved through policy levers available directly to the Scottish Government, as well as through influencing immigration policy at a UK level. At a strategic level Scotland has pursued several policy strands to date in this area, all designed to promote Scotland to potential migrants:. The method has a number of drawbacks.
Only those coming to the UK for more than 12 months are classed as migrants, so short term seasonal workers are not included in the resulting figures. The sample used is small, particularly in Scotland where only about people are included, limiting scope for reliable analysis. The system is based on intentions which may or may not be realised. However, work is continuing at ONS and GROS to improve migration statistics in order to provide a more accurate picture of in- and out-migration Improved information on the motivations of migrants, in particular, would assist in fine-tuning policy efforts in attracting migrants to Scotland Information on those leaving Scotland in particular is very limited.
More information on their views and experiences could support policy thinking relating to retention of the Scots-born population and the migrant population. Home Publications. Demographic Change in Scotland.
Supporting documents. Contents Close. About half of overseas migrants to the UK are from the EU. Migrants from the EU A8 countries have contributed to the rise in net in-migration, with Poland being the most significant country of origin. About a million people born in Scotland currently live elsewhere. Migrants in and out of Scotland tend to be young and single, with a fairly even split between males and females. The main reasons for migration are economic, employment and study related.
Many overseas migrants from A8 countries in particular work in low skill, low pay work below their qualification level.
Migration trends in Scotland 6. Net migration figures from GROS for to are shown in Table 6 below: Table 6: Scottish net migration Net gain approximate 9, 26, 19, 21, 27, 20, 22, 6.
Geographical variations in migration 6. Characteristics of migrants to Scotland 6. Characteristics of migrants leaving Scotland 6.
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